1. Ukugeleza okuyisisekelo kwenqubo
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemikhiqizo yenjoloba, kepha inqubo yokukhiqiza ngokufanayo iyafana. Inqubo eyisisekelo yemikhiqizo enjoloba enerabha eqinile eqinile eqinile njengoba impahla eluhlaza ifaka izinqubo eziyisithupha ezisisekelo: ipulasitiki, ukuxuba, ukuvumelanisa, ukukhishwa, ukubumba, ubuvuswa. Vele, izinqubo eziyisisekelo ezinjengokulungiselela okubonakalayo ezibonakalayo, ukuqeda umkhiqizo osuqediwe, ukuhlolwa nokupakisha nakho kubalulekile. Ubuchwepheshe bokwenza irabha ikakhulukazi ukuxazulula ukungqubuzana phakathi kwePulastikity ne-Elastic Properties. Ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene zezobuchwepheshe, irabha elinwebekayo liphendulwa irabha elihlanganisiwe lepulasitiki, bese kufakwa ama-ejenti ahlukahlukene okuqeda, bese kuthi imikhiqizo ephelile yepulasitiki iguqulwe ibe yimikhiqizo enjoloba enobuthi obukhulu nabenziwe ngomshini ngokusebenzisa ubuvikeli.
2. Ukulungiswa okungavuthiwe kwezinto ezibonakalayo
Izinto eziphambili eziluhlaza zemikhiqizo yenjoloba ziyinjoloba eluhlaza njengezinto eziyisisekelo, nerabha eluhlaza kuqoqwe ngokusika amagxolo ezihlahla zenjoloba ezindaweni ezishisayo nasezindaweni eziphansi.
Ama-ejenti ahlukahlukene ahlanganisiwe yizinto ezisizayo ezingeziwe ukuze athuthukise ezinye izakhiwo zemikhiqizo yenjoloba.
Izinto zefayibha (ukotini, hemp, uboya kanye nemicu ehlukahlukene eyenziwe ngabantu, imicu yokwenziwa kanye nezinto zokwenziwa zensimbi, izintambo zensimbi) zisetshenziswa njengezinto zokwakha imikhiqizo yenjoloba ukuthuthukisa amandla omshini. Enqubweni yokulungiselela okubonakalayo okuluhlaza, izithako kumele zibhekwe ngokunembile ngokuya ngefomula. Ukuze i-ejebheli eluhlaza enjoloba kanye ne-ejenti ehlanganisiwe ibe exutshaniswe nomunye, izinto ezibonakalayo zizocubungulwa. Injoloba eluhlaza kufanele ithathwe egumbini lokumisa ngo-60-70 ℃, bese lisika futhi liphuke izingcezu ezincane. I-ejenti ehlanganisiwe i-lumpy. Njengopharafini, i-steartic acid, i-rosin, njll. Ukuchotshozwa. Uma i-powder iqukethe ukungcola kwemishini noma izinhlayiya ezihlanganayo, idinga ukuhlolwa ukuze isuse uketshezi olunjengophahla lwe-pine ne-coumarone, oludinga ukufudumala, oluncishisiwe, luhanjisiwe. Ukwakheka kwe-bubble ngesikhathi somvuzi okufanayo kuthinta ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
3.
I-RAW RUBBER iyanwebeka futhi iswele ipulasitiki edingekayo ukuze icubungulwe, ngakho-ke akulula ukucubungula. Ukuze uthuthukise ipulasitiki yalo, kuyadingeka ukumisa irabha eluhlaza, ukuze umenzeli ohlanganisiwe ahlakazeke kalula enjoloba ngesikhathi sokuxubana ngesikhathi sokuxubha bese ungena kwindwangu ye-calendering kanye nokwakha inqubo. kanye nokubumba uketshezi. Inqubo yokonakalisa ama-molecule amade werabha enjoloba eluhlaza okokwenza uplastity ibizwa ngokuthi yi-mastication. Kunezindlela ezimbili zensimbi enjoloba eluhlaza: I-Mechanical Plastizizing kanye ne-Thermal Plastic. I-Mechan Matastication iyinqubo lapho ama-molecule enjoloba amade ekonakalisiwe ancishisiwe futhi afinyezwa esimweni esiphezulu esisesimweni sepulasitiki ngokukhishwa kwepulasitiki ngokushisa okuphansi. Ipulasitiki eshisayo izodlula umoya oshisayo ocindezelwe enjoloba eluhlaza ngaphansi kwesenzo sokushisa kanye nomoya-mpilo ukuze unciphise ama-molecule amade bese uwafushama ukuze uthole uplastity.
4.MIXING
Ukuze uvumelane nezimo ezahlukahlukene zokusebenzisa, thola izakhiwo ezahlukahlukene, futhi ukuze uthuthukise ukusebenza kwemikhiqizo yenjoloba futhi unciphise izindleko, ama-ejenti ahlukene ahlukahlukene kufanele angezwe enjoloba eluhlaza. Ukuxuba kuyinqubo lapho irabha eluhlaza eluhlaza lihlanganiswa ne-ejenti ehlanganisiwe, futhi umenzeli ohlanganisiwe usakazwa ngokuphelele futhi ahlakazeke ngendlela ebomvu enjoloba ngomshini wokuxubana werabha. Ukuxuba kuyinqubo ebalulekile kwinqubo yokukhiqiza yemikhiqizo yenjoloba. Uma ukuxuba kungafani, umphumela wama-ejeraji kanye nama-ejenti ahlanganisiwe awukwazi ukudedelwa ngokuphelele, okuthinta ukusebenza komkhiqizo. Izinto zenjoloba ezitholwe ngemuva kokuxutshwa zibizwa ngokuthi irabha elixubile. Kuyinto esetshenzisiwe esetshenzisiwe yokwenziwa kwemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yenjoloba, eyaziwa ngokuthi impahla yerabha, evame ukuthengiswa njengempahla. Abathengi bangasebenzisa impahla yerabha ukuze bacubungule ngqo, babumbe futhi bavuse imikhiqizo edingekayo yenjoloba. . Ngokusho kokwenziwa okuhlukile, kukhona uchungechunge lwamamaki ahlukene nezinhlobonhlobo ezinezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene ongakhetha kuzo.
5.Forming
Ehlelweni lokukhiqiza lemikhiqizo yenjoloba, inqubo yokuxhumana nge-Perabric Amajamo nosayizi amakhalenda noma ama-extruders abizwa ngokuthi ukubumba.
6.Vulcanization
Inqubo yokuguqula irabha yepulasitiki ibe yirabha le-elastic libizwa ngokuthi i-vulcanization. Kungukufaka inani elithile le-ejenti ye-Vulcaning njenge-sulphur, i-accelerator ye-vulcanization, njll. Ama-molecule aqondile enjoloba axhumene nokwehla kwe-turful turner ngokwakha i- "Sulfur Bridges", ukuze i-plastiki amabhuloho ",
Isikhathi sePosi: Mar-29-2022
